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Biochemicals

Peptide Synthesis Reagents

Carbodiimides, HOBt, HOAt, coupling additives and linkers for amide bond formation in solid-phase and solution peptide synthesis.
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Forming a clean amide bond, without racemisation, is the central step of peptide synthesis. This sub-category supplies the reagents that make it work. They include carbodiimides such as 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC), the additives 1-Hydroxy benzotriazole in anhydrous and hydrate forms and 1-Hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole (HOAt), EEDQ, and spacers such as 11-Aminoundecanoic acid.

The choice of coupling system depends on sequence difficulty, cost and safety. EDC is water soluble and easy to remove, which suits bioconjugation and solution chemistry. HOBt and HOAt reduce racemisation and speed coupling, with HOAt preferred for hindered residues. Hydrated HOBt is often chosen because anhydrous HOBt has explosive properties and carries transport restrictions.

Reagents are packed in sealed, moisture-proof bottles, and several should be stored refrigerated. Lot COAs report assay and water content. Add coupling reagents and protected amino acids to the quote panel together to receive one consolidated offer.

Peptide Synthesis Reagents: questions buyers ask

Why is HOBt usually sold as the hydrate?
Anhydrous HOBt is classed as a desensitised explosive risk and faces strict transport rules. The hydrate, which contains water of crystallisation, is far safer to ship and store while giving the same chemistry in most couplings. Adjust the weighed amount for the water content to keep the correct molar ratio.
When should I use EDC rather than DCC?
EDC and its urea by-product are water soluble, so they wash out with an aqueous extraction. This makes EDC ideal for solution-phase work and protein conjugation. DCC forms an insoluble urea that must be filtered, which can be awkward on resin. EDC is also less of a skin sensitiser in practice when handled correctly.
How should coupling reagents be stored?
Keep them tightly closed, cold and dry. Carbodiimides hydrolyse slowly in moist air and lose activity, and EDC hydrochloride is hygroscopic. Allow refrigerated bottles to reach room temperature before opening to stop condensation forming inside. Record opening dates and check older material by assay before use in critical runs.

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