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Organic Building Blocks

Esters & Lactones

Alkyl and aryl esters, tartrates, glucuronides, glycerides and lactones for asymmetric synthesis, prodrug work, lipids and flavour chemistry.
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(-)-Altenuene
CAS
889101-41-1
Formula
C15H16O6
MW
292.28 g/mol
ZX-043450
(±)-Mellein
CAS
17397-85-2
Formula
C10H10O3
MW
178.18 g/mol
ZX-041817

Esters and lactones serve as protected acids, chiral auxiliaries, prodrug motifs and flavour compounds. This sub-category covers a broad mix, from simple esters to complex natural derivatives. Examples include (+)-Diethyl L-tartrate and (+)-Diisopropyl L-tartrate for Sharpless epoxidation, 1,2,3,4-Tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucuronide methyl ester for glucuronide synthesis, (−)-Epigallocatechin gallate and the PEGylated lipid DMG-PEG 2000.

Hydrolytic stability is the main practical concern, as many esters slowly hydrolyse in moist air, especially activated or lipid esters. Chiral tartrates must be enantiomerically pure, since any opposite enantiomer lowers selectivity. PEG lipids are specified by PEG molecular weight and lipid chain, which control nanoparticle behaviour.

  • Chiral esters for asymmetric catalysis
  • Protected sugar esters for conjugate synthesis
  • Lipid esters for nanoparticle formulation

Each lot ships with a COA and SDS, and sensitive items are packed cold and dry. Gram packs suit screening, while larger amounts can be quoted for formulation and scale-up work.

Esters & Lactones: questions buyers ask

Which tartrate ester should I use for Sharpless epoxidation?
Diethyl tartrate and diisopropyl tartrate both work with titanium isopropoxide. Diisopropyl tartrate often gives higher enantioselectivity, while diethyl tartrate is cheaper and widely used. The L or D form decides which face of the allylic alcohol is epoxidised, so pick the enantiomer that gives your target configuration.
What is DMG-PEG 2000 used for?
DMG-PEG 2000 is a PEGylated lipid with two myristoyl chains and a 2,000 Da polyethylene glycol. In lipid nanoparticles it stabilises particles, controls size and reduces aggregation. Its short lipid chains allow it to leave the particle surface after administration, which affects circulation and uptake.
How do I prevent hydrolysis of ester reagents?
Store them tightly sealed, cool and dry, ideally under inert gas, and allow cold containers to reach room temperature before opening. Use dry solvents in reactions. For activated esters and lipid esters, check purity before use if stock has been opened many times, as hydrolysis products may accumulate.

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