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Organic Building Blocks

Organosilicon Compounds & Silanes

Organofunctional silanes, chlorosilanes and alkoxysilanes for surface modification, coupling agents, sol-gel chemistry and synthesis.
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Silanes connect organic and inorganic worlds. Organofunctional alkoxysilanes bond to glass, silica and metal oxides through their silicon end and to polymers through their organic group. This sub-category supplies these coupling agents and reactive chlorosilanes, including (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES), (3-Glycidyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane (GPTMS), (3-Acryloyloxypropyl)trimethoxysilane and (Chloromethyl)trichlorosilane.

Choosing a silane starts with the organic group, which must match your resin or target, such as amine for epoxies, epoxide for amines, or acrylate for radical-cured systems. Methoxy silanes hydrolyse faster than ethoxy ones. All alkoxysilanes react with moisture, and chlorosilanes do so violently, releasing hydrogen chloride. Buy pack sizes you can use soon after opening.

  • Coupling agents for composites and adhesives
  • Surface functionalisation of glass slides and nanoparticles
  • Sol-gel precursors and hybrid coatings

Silanes ship in sealed, dry containers under nitrogen, with chlorosilanes declared as corrosive and water-reactive. Each lot comes with a COA and SDS.

Organosilicon Compounds & Silanes: questions buyers ask

How do I functionalise glass with APTES?
Clean and activate the glass, often with piranha or plasma treatment, then immerse it in a dilute APTES solution in dry toluene or ethanol. Rinse, then cure by baking to complete bonding. The amine surface can then link proteins, DNA or nanoparticles. Control water content to avoid thick, uneven multilayers.
Why do methoxy and ethoxy silanes behave differently?
Methoxy groups hydrolyse faster than ethoxy groups, so methoxysilanes react sooner with surface moisture and have a shorter working life in solution. They also release methanol rather than ethanol. Ethoxysilanes give more time for even coverage and are often preferred where methanol release is a concern.
How should chlorosilanes be handled?
Chlorosilanes react violently with water and moist air, releasing hydrogen chloride gas. Handle them only in a dry fume cupboard or glovebox using dry glassware and syringes. Wear acid-resistant gloves and face protection. Quench residues slowly with dry alcohol before careful addition to water.

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